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Jun 17, 2026 Acting Labor Secretary Keith Sonderling threatened to withhold unemployment administration funds from states and territories over alleged fraud Corroborated Power and Authority
The threat used federal funding leverage against state-run systems without cited evidence, testing limits on executive pressure over states.
Supporting reports
- Department of Labor Threatens to Withhold Funds from States — Acting Secretary of Labor Keith Sonderling sent letters to 53 states and US territories, demanding action against alleged waste, fraud, and abuse in the unemployment insurance program.
Feb 7, 2026 President Trump withheld Gateway tunnel funding and the administration appealed orders requiring its release Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
Using major infrastructure funds as leverage for personal or political aims tested limits on executive spending power and fair treatment of disfavored jurisdictions.
Supporting reports
- Trump withholds funding for infrastructure project — President Trump withheld $16 billion in funding for the Gateway tunnel project, contingent on Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer agreeing to rename Penn Station and Dulles Airport after him.
- Trump Accused of Withholding Infrastructure Funding for Personal Gain — Former President Donald Trump is accused of withholding infrastructure funding unless projects are named after him and suing the government for billions of taxpayer dollars for personal benefit.
- Trump administration appeals court order on Hudson Tunnel funding — The Trump administration has appealed a court order that required it to release funding for the Hudson Tunnel project.
Dec 11, 2025 President Trump issued an executive order establishing a national AI policy framework that challenged state AI laws Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The order centralized AI policy in the executive branch and threatened state autonomy by tying federal power to compliance with a national standard.
Supporting reports
- Executive Order on National AI Policy Framework — On December 11, 2025, President Donald Trump issued an executive order to establish a national policy framework for artificial intelligence (AI).
- Trump Plans Executive Order to Preempt State AI Laws — President Trump announced plans to sign an executive order preempting state AI regulations, citing the need for a unified national framework.
- Trump signs executive order to prevent state regulation of AI — On December 11, 2025, Donald Trump signed an executive order aimed at preventing states from regulating artificial intelligence (AI).
Oct 14, 2025 The Trump administration canceled far more federal funds in Democratic districts than in Republican districts Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The pattern suggested partisan use of federal spending power, turning shutdown-era funding decisions into a tool of political punishment.
Supporting reports
- Trump administration freezes funds in Democrat-led districts — The Trump administration has frozen or canceled over $27 billion in federal funds for projects in Democrat-led districts since the government shutdown began, compared to less than $750 million in Republican-led
- Trump Administration Cancels Funds for Democratic Districts — The Trump administration has reportedly canceled over $27.24 billion in funds for Democratic districts and states while cutting $738.7 million from Republican districts.
Oct 4, 2025 President Trump authorized the deployment of Illinois National Guard troops to Chicago Corroborated Power and Authority
The order expanded federal use of military force in a domestic setting over local objections, testing limits on presidential coercive power.
Supporting reports
- Trump Authorizes Deployment of Illinois National Guard to Chicago — President Trump authorized the deployment of 300 Illinois National Guard troops to Chicago, a move criticized by Illinois Governor JB Pritzker as unnecessary and a "manufactured performance." The deployment is part of
- Trump authorizes deployment of Illinois National Guard to Chicago — President Donald Trump authorized the deployment of 300 members of the Illinois National Guard to Chicago.
- Trump authorizes national guard deployment to Chicago — President Donald Trump authorized the deployment of 300 national guard troops to Chicago to protect federal officers and assets.
Oct 3, 2025 The Trump administration froze $2.1 billion for Chicago transit projects Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The freeze used federal spending power to pressure a major city during a shutdown, testing fair and neutral distribution of public funds.
Supporting reports
- Trump administration freezes $2.1bn in funds for Chicago transit projects — The Trump administration, through Office of Management and Budget Director Russ Vought, announced the freezing of $2.1 billion in federal funding for infrastructure projects in Chicago.
Aug 16, 2025 President Trump and allied governors deployed National Guard troops and federal agents to Washington, D.C., and moved to take control of local policing Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The deployment concentrated federal coercive power in a local jurisdiction and blurred lines between civilian policing, military force, and executive command.
Supporting reports
- Trump deploys National Guard and federal agents to Washington DC — President Donald Trump has deployed 800 National Guard troops and hundreds of federal agents, including those from the FBI, DEA, and border patrol, to Washington DC, citing an "out of control" crime wave.
- National Guard Troops Sent to DC at Trump's Request — Republican governors from West Virginia, South Carolina, and Ohio announced they would send approximately 700 National Guard troops to Washington, DC, at President Trump's request.
- Trump Administration's Attempted Takeover of Washington DC Police — President Trump attempted to take over the Washington DC police department, invoking a legal provision in the Home Rule Act of 1973.
Jun 18, 2025 President Trump suggested he could withhold disaster aid from California Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The threat implied that federal relief could be used as leverage against a political rival, testing neutral administration of public resources.
Supporting reports
- Trump Suggests Withholding Disaster Aid to California — President Trump suggested he may withhold federal disaster aid to California due to Governor Gavin Newsom's response to military deployments in Los Angeles.
May 6, 2025 The Trump administration blocked Harvard from receiving new federal research grants unless it met administration demands Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The funding threat used executive leverage to pressure a university’s governance and speech environment, testing limits on federal coercion.
Supporting reports
- Trump Administration Blocks Grant Funding for Harvard — The Trump administration, through Education Secretary Linda McMahon, has informed Harvard University that it will no longer receive federal research grants and aid unless it complies with a list of demands.
Mar 19, 2025 The Trump administration sent Columbia University demands tied to federal funding and protest discipline Corroborated Power and Authority
The demands used federal money to pressure academic governance, speech rules, and departmental control at a private university.
Supporting reports
- Trump Administration's Demands on Columbia University — The Trump administration has sent a letter to Columbia University demanding measures such as a mask ban, winding down certain academic departments, and empowering campus law enforcement.
Mar 19, 2025 President Trump signed an executive order directing the dismantling of the Department of Education Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The order sought to shrink a congressionally created department through executive action, testing limits on presidential control over federal institutions.
Supporting reports
- Trump signed executive order to dismantle Department of Education — Trump signed an executive order aimed at dismantling the Department of Education, which was established by Congress.
- Trump orders dismantling of the US Department of Education — On Thursday, Donald Trump signed an executive order to dismantle the US Department of Education, raising concerns about the management of student debt.
- Trump Signs Executive Order to Dismantle Department of Education — On March 19, 2025, former President Donald Trump signed an executive order aimed at dismantling the U.S.
Feb 26, 2025 The Trump administration ordered New York City to end congestion pricing Tier 1 · Primary Power and Authority
The order used federal executive power to override a state-backed local policy choice, intensifying conflict over state and local autonomy.
Supporting reports
- Trump Administration Orders End to NYC Congestion Pricing — The Trump administration, through the US Department of Transportation, has ordered New York City to terminate its congestion pricing program by March 21, 2025.
- Trump Administration Halts New York City's Congestion Pricing Scheme — The Trump administration has moved to stop New York City's congestion pricing scheme, which was introduced by the state's Democratic governor, Kathy Hochul, in January.
Jan 24, 2025 President Trump threatened to withhold California wildfire aid unless the state changed unrelated policies Corroborated Power and Authority
The threat used federal disaster assistance as leverage over a state government, testing whether emergency aid would be conditioned on political compliance.
Supporting reports
- Trump Threatens Conditions on Federal Aid to California — President Donald Trump has threatened to impose conditions on future federal aid to California in response to the wildfires that have devastated Los Angeles.
- Trump threatens to withhold wildfire aid from California — President Trump threatened on January 24, 2025, to withhold wildfire aid from California unless the state implements voter ID requirements and changes its water policy, using disaster relief as a political tool.