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Jun 26, 2025 The Supreme Court limited lower courts’ ability to issue nationwide injunctions in the birthright citizenship cases Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
The ruling reduced one of the judiciary’s main tools for quickly blocking contested executive policies across the country before merits decisions are final.
Supporting reports
- SCOTUS Limits Nationwide Injunctions — The Supreme Court of the United States ruled 6-3 that nationwide injunctions likely exceed the authority granted to the courts by Congress.
- Supreme Court Limits Judicial Power to Curb Presidential Policies — The U.S.
- Supreme Court Limits Lower Courts' Power to Block Executive Orders — The US Supreme Court ruled in favor of limiting the power of federal judges to issue nationwide injunctions, which have been used to block many of Donald Trump's executive orders, including his attempt to end
Jun 25, 2025 A federal grand jury indicted Harvard researcher Kseniia Petrova on additional charges Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
The added charges highlighted how criminal process can shape the treatment of foreign researchers and the climate for academic work.
Supporting reports
- Harvard researcher indicted on additional charges — Kseniia Petrova, a Russian-born researcher at Harvard Medical School, was indicted by a federal grand jury in Boston on three new charges: concealment of a material fact, making a false statement, and smuggling goods
Jun 25, 2025 A federal judge ordered Kilmar Abrego Garcia released on bail while his case continued Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
The order showed courts continuing to scrutinize detention decisions in a case at the center of broader immigration due process disputes.
Supporting reports
- Federal Judge Orders Release of Kilmar Abrego Garcia — A federal judge ordered the release of Kilmar Abrego Garcia on bail while he awaits trial, acknowledging he may be taken into ICE custody and face deportation.
- Case update — Abrego Garcia v. Noem (D. Md.) 8:25-cv-00951 — Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia filed an emergency motion today asking the district court in Maryland to order his return to Maryland and bar any attempts to remove him to another district or outside the United States.
Jun 24, 2025 The Second Circuit ordered the government to facilitate the return of Jordin Melgar-Salmeron after a wrongful deportation Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
The ruling enforced judicial authority after the government removed a person despite a court order, reinforcing that executive agencies must obey courts.
Supporting reports
- Appeals court orders return of wrongfully deported man to the US — The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in New York has ordered the Trump administration to return Jordin Melgar-Salmeron, who was wrongfully deported to El Salvador, to the United States.
- Case update — Melgar-Salmeron v. Bondi (2d Cir.) 23-7792 — The Second Circuit ruled that the government must facilitate the Petitioner's return from El Salvador as soon as possible.
- Appeals Court Orders Return of Deported Man — A federal appeals court ruled that the Trump administration must seek the return of a man deported to El Salvador in violation of a court order.
Jun 23, 2025 California challenged the federalization of its National Guard in court Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
The litigation tested limits on presidential control of state military forces in a domestic protest setting and raised federalism concerns.
Supporting reports
- California Challenges Federalization of National Guard — California filed a lawsuit against the Trump administration's order to federalize the state's National Guard to manage protests in Los Angeles.
- California sues Trump administration over National Guard deployment — California has filed a lawsuit against the Trump administration, challenging the unlawful deployment of 4,000 National Guard troops to counter protests against Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) actions.
- Case update — Newsom v. Trump (N.D. Cal.) 3:25-cv-04870 — Judge Breyer approved California's request for “expedited and limited” discovery regarding the administration's claim that it acted beyond the limitation of the Posse Comitatus Act , which forbids federal troops from
Jun 23, 2025 The Supreme Court allowed the Trump administration to deport migrants to third countries while litigation continued Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
The order narrowed lower-court protections and increased executive room to remove migrants before full judicial review of due process claims.
Supporting reports
- US Supreme Court allows Trump administration to deport migrants to third countries — The US Supreme Court issued a brief, unsigned order allowing the Trump administration to deport migrants to countries they are not originally from, including conflict-ridden areas like South Sudan.
- Case update — D.V.D. v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security (D. Mass.) 1:25-cv-10676 — The Supreme Court stopped a lower court's order which has prevented the administration from removing immigrants to third countries without an opportunity to present their claims of potential torture first.
- Supreme Court Grants Stay in Department of Homeland Security v. D.V.D. — The Supreme Court granted the Department of Homeland Security's emergency application for a stay in the case of Department of Homeland Security, Applicants v.
Jun 23, 2025 Various litigants and courts filed or advanced additional cases challenging administration actions across labor, records, grants, immigration, civil service, and agency process Tier 1 · Primary Institutions and Governance
These filings and procedural rulings showed broad, ongoing judicial contestation over executive actions across many parts of the federal government.
Supporting reports
- Appeal filed — Thakur v. Trump (N.D. Cal.) 3:25-cv-04737 — Judge Rita Lin granted a preliminary injunction .
- Case update — North America's Building Trades Unions v. Department of Defense (D.D.C.) 1:25-cv-01070 — Defendants moved to dismiss the complaint for lack of jurisdiction after DOD and GSA formally rescinded the policies at issue in this case, disavowed continued reliance on those policies, and instructed their
- Case update — President and Fellows of Harvard College v. US Department of Health and Human Services (D. Mass.) 1:25-cv-11048 — State Attorneys General submitted an amicus brief in support of Defendants.
Jun 22, 2025 Governor Josh Stein vetoed North Carolina anti-immigrant and open-carry bills Corroborated Institutions and Governance
The vetoes used executive checks within state government to block legislation affecting immigrant rights and public safety.
Supporting reports
- Governor Stein vetoes anti-immigrant and open carry bills — On Friday, Governor Stein vetoed two anti-immigrant bills (SB 153 and SB 138) and an open carry bill (SB 50) in North Carolina.
Jun 21, 2025 A federal judge ordered Mahmoud Khalil released from ICE detention Corroborated Institutions and Governance
The ruling showed the courts checking executive detention power and protecting due process and political expression against immigration enforcement.
Supporting reports
- Federal judge orders release of Mahmoud Khalil from ICE detention — Mahmoud Khalil, a Palestinian rights activist and legal US resident, was released from ICE detention after a federal judge ruled that his detention was unconstitutional.
- — Mahmoud Khalil, a Columbia University graduate, was released from ICE detention in Jena, Louisiana, after a federal judge ruled he was not a danger to the community.