Trump Action Archive

Supporting reports

• Trump issued broad pardon for 2020 election-related conduct — Justice Department pardon attorney Ed Martin posted a document on social media revealing that Trump issued a sweeping pardon covering "all United States citizens for conduct relating to the advice, creation, organization, execution, submission, support, voting, activities, participation in, or advocacy for or of any slate or proposed slate of Presidential Electors" in connection with the 2020 election, as well as conduct related to efforts to expose alleged voting fraud and vulnerabilities.

Supporting reports

• Trump pardoned dozens of election-denying loyalists and fake electors — Trump pardoned dozens of election-denying loyalists and fake electors involved in plans to overturn the 2020 presidential election on November 9, including lawyers Rudy Giuliani and Jenna Ellis, ex-chief of staff Mark Meadows, and conspiracy theorist Sidney Powell. The pardons cover only federal charges and do not protect against state charges.
• Trump issues federal pardons for 77 people involved in 2020 election interference scheme — President Trump pardoned 77 people, including Rudy Giuliani, Mark Meadows, Sidney Powell, Jenna Ellis, and John Eastman, for their roles in efforts to overturn the 2020 election through fake elector schemes and legal challenges. The pardons, announced via X by pardon attorney Ed Martin on November 10, are "full, complete and unconditional" but apply only to federal charges, leaving state-level prosecutions intact. Trump's proclamation characterized the prosecutions as "a grave national injustice" and framed the pardons as part of "national reconciliation."
• Trump issued broad pardon for 2020 election-related conduct — Justice Department pardon attorney Ed Martin posted a document on social media revealing that Trump issued a sweeping pardon covering "all United States citizens for conduct relating to the advice, creation, organization, execution, submission, support, voting, activities, participation in, or advocacy for or of any slate or proposed slate of Presidential Electors" in connection with the 2020 election, as well as conduct related to efforts to expose alleged voting fraud and vulnerabilities.
• Trump pardons eight individuals involved in 2020 election overturn efforts — Trump pardoned eight people who attempted to help him overturn the 2020 election results: Rudy Giuliani, John Eastman, Mark Meadows, Sidney Powell, Ken Chesebro, Christina Bobb, Kelli Ward, and Jenna Ellis. The pardons come days before a November 14 deadline for Georgia prosecutors to appoint a replacement for disqualified prosecutor Fani Willis.
• Trump grants preemptive pardons to 70+ MAGA allies including Giuliani and Meadows — Trump granted preemptive pardons to more than 70 MAGA allies, including ex-lawyer Rudy Giuliani and ex-chief of staff Mark Meadows, who worked on efforts to create fake electors to subvert Trump's 2020 election loss. The pardons were announced by pardon attorney Ed Martin via social media. None of the recipients face federal charges, though some have been charged or scrutinized by state authorities for election subversion efforts. Legal experts characterized the action as corrupt, pay-to-play, and authoritarian.
• Trump signed pardons for 77 election subversion conspirators — Trump signed pardons for 77 individuals involved in efforts to overturn the 2020 election, including Rudy Giuliani, Mark Meadows, Sidney Powell, and fake electors who had already pleaded guilty. The pardons were signed Friday and announced Sunday night during government shutdown media coverage. The timing and announcement strategy obscured the action from public attention during competing news cycles.

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• Students and faculty at over 100 US universities stage coordinated day of action against Trump administration's higher education policies — On November 7, 2025, students, faculty, and staff at more than 100 US campuses organized a nationwide day of protest against the Trump administration's assault on higher education. Protesters opposed the administration's "compact" offering federal funding in exchange for ideological alignment, called for protection of transgender and international students, demanded fair wages and divestment from weapons manufacturers, and targeted billionaire Marc Rowan's influence over education policy. Organizers announced plans for escalating strikes culminating in May Day 2026 and a general strike in May 2028.

Supporting reports

• Supreme Court conference on Davis v Ermold case challenging same-sex marriage legality — The US Supreme Court held its first conference on Friday to consider whether to take up Davis v Ermold, a case brought by former Kentucky county clerk Kim Davis, who refused to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. Davis seeks to overturn a Sixth Circuit ruling that rejected her First Amendment religious liberty defense and upheld a $100,000 damages award to the couple she denied service. Her petition explicitly urges the Court to overturn Obergefell v Hodges, the 2015 decision legalizing same-sex marriage nationwide. The Court may announce its decision to grant or deny certiorari as early as Monday.

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• Trump demanded Republican senators eliminate the Senate filibuster to pass legislation without Democratic support — During a White House meeting with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, President Trump reiterated his demand that Republican senators end the filibuster to enable passage of a continuing resolution without Democratic votes. Trump argued that eliminating the filibuster would allow Republicans to pass legislation guaranteeing they would "never lose the midterms and we will never lose a general election" again, attempting to address Republican concerns about future Democratic use of a simple majority.
• Trump demanded Senate abolish the filibuster — During a press conference, Trump called on the Senate to eliminate the filibuster, stating that doing so would ensure Republicans "will never lose the midterms" and "will never lose the general election." He cited voter ID requirements and elimination of mail-in voting as legislative priorities that would be enabled by filibuster abolition.

Supporting reports

• Trump signed pardons for 77 people involved in 2020 election subversion — On November 7, 2025, President Trump signed full pardons for 77 people connected to efforts to overturn the 2020 election, including Rudy Giuliani, Mark Meadows, Sidney Powell, John Eastman, Kenneth Chesebro, Jenna Ellis, Jeffrey Clark, Boris Epshteyn, Christina Bobb, and fake electors from Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The pardon proclamation was announced late Sunday, November 9, at 7:54 PM via social media by Ed Martin, Trump's clemency czar, timing that coincided with Senate shutdown negotiations to minimize media coverage. The pardons are federal only and do not affect pending state prosecutions in Arizona, Georgia, Wisconsin, and Nevada.
• Trump issues proclamation granting pardons for offenses related to 2020 election activities — President Donald Trump issued Proclamation 10989 on November 7, 2025, granting full, complete, and unconditional pardons to all U.S. citizens for conduct relating to advice, creation, organization, execution, submission, support, voting, activities, participation in, or advocacy for any slate or proposed slate of Presidential electors in connection with the 2020 Presidential Election, as well as efforts to expose voting fraud and vulnerabilities in that election. The proclamation names 76 individuals by name, including Sidney Powell, Rudolph Giuliani, John Eastman, Jeffrey Clark, and Mark Meadows. The pardon does not apply to Trump himself.
• Trump administration replaces clemency documents with variable signatures after identical-signature controversy — The Justice Department replaced online pardons bearing strikingly similar copies of Trump's signature with new versions showing variable signatures after public scrutiny. Seven clemency orders issued on November 7, 2025, including pardons for Darryl Strawberry, Glen Casada, and Michael McMahon, initially displayed nearly identical signatures. DOJ blamed a "technical error" and staffing issues; White House officials insisted Trump signed each pardon by hand. Handwriting experts noted that identical signatures contradict basic forensic principles.
• Trump issues broad pardon for 2020 election-related conduct, potentially covering voter fraud cases — On November 7, 2025, President Trump issued a pardon for Rudy Giuliani and others involved in the fake elector scheme. The pardon's language is sweeping, covering "any US citizen" for conduct relating to "advice, creation, organization, execution, submission, support, voting, activities, participation in, or advocacy for or of any slate or proposed slate of presidential electors" in connection with the 2020 election. Legal experts argue the pardon's broad wording may unintentionally cover citizens who committed voter fraud in 2020, such as Matthew Alan Laiss, accused of voting in both Pennsylvania and Florida. Courts must now determine the pardon's actual scope.

Supporting reports

• US Supreme Court allows Trump administration to enforce passport sex-marker policy blocking transgender and non-binary choices — The US Supreme Court's conservative majority issued a stay on Thursday allowing the Trump administration to enforce a policy requiring passport sex markers to match birth certificates, blocking transgender and non-binary people from choosing markers aligned with their gender identity. The decision halts a lower-court order that had required the government to permit male, female, or X designations. The policy stems from Trump's January 2025 executive order declaring the US recognizes only two sexes based on birth certificates. The three liberal justices dissented, with Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson calling it a "pointless but painful perversion."
• Supreme Court reinstates Trump passport sex-marker policy — The Supreme Court reinstated a Trump policy requiring all new passports to reflect a person's biological sex at birth. Trump issued an executive order on January 20 overturning a 33-year State Department policy that had allowed people who underwent surgical reassignment (1992–2010) or clinical treatment for gender transition (2010–2025) to change their passport identification. The order declared that the U.S. recognizes only two sexes defined as "immutable biological classification" at conception, calling transgender identity "false" and "corrosive." Plaintiffs led by Ashton Orr sued; U.S. District Judge Julia E. Kobick granted class-action status and a stay on April 18, finding plaintiffs would likely win on equal protection grounds. The Supreme Court granted emergency relief and reinstated the policy. The State Department updated its website to implement the new policy.
• Supreme Court grants stay in Trump v. Orr — On November 6, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court granted the federal government's request for a stay in the case of Trump v. Orr. This decision allows the Trump administration to implement its executive order requiring government-issued identification documents to reflect the holder's sex as defined by the order, which recognizes only male and female sexes as unchangeable. The order had been previously blocked by a lower court, which was challenged by a group of transgender and nonbinary individuals. The Supreme Court's decision was made in a 6-3 vote, with Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Ketanji Brown Jackson dissenting.

Supporting reports

• James Comey charged with lying to Congress and obstruction — Former FBI Director James Comey was indicted on charges of lying to Congress about an FBI leak and obstruction of Congress. Comey pleaded not guilty. Over 100 ex-DOJ officials filed an amicus brief characterizing the prosecution as vindictive and in violation of departmental policies barring such prosecutions. Legal experts noted the paltry evidence supporting the charges and the transparent political motivation stemming from Trump's animus over the FBI's 2016 Russia investigation.
• Letitia James charged with bank fraud and false statements — New York Attorney General Letitia James was charged by the DOJ with bank fraud and false statements to a financial unit. James pleaded not guilty. The prosecution followed Trump's public demands for her indictment and came shortly after her office secured a civil fraud judgment against Trump's real estate empire. Legal experts and ex-DOJ officials challenged the charges as retaliatory and lacking sufficient evidence.
• Trump directs DOJ to prosecute political enemies including Comey, James, and Schiff — President Trump exerted intense pressure on the Department of Justice to charge political opponents—former FBI Director James Comey, New York Attorney General Letitia James, and Democratic Senator Adam Schiff—with crimes based on weak evidence. Trump publicly demanded prosecutions via Truth Social, installed loyalist prosecutors including Lindsey Halligan and Ed Martin in key positions, and removed career prosecutors who deemed cases insufficient. Over 100 ex-DOJ officials filed an amicus brief challenging Comey's prosecution as vindictive and unconstitutional. Legal experts and former prosecutors condemned the weaponization of federal law enforcement for partisan revenge.

Supporting reports

• House Republicans explored using 14th Amendment to prevent Mamdani from taking office — House Republicans, including the NY Young Republican Club, explored using the Constitution's 14th Amendment "insurrection clause" to prevent Zohran Mamdani from being sworn in as NYC mayor if he wins the election. The group argues that Mamdani's statements calling to resist ICE could violate the prohibition on those who "engaged in insurrection or rebellion" or "given aid or comfort to the enemies." Republican lawmakers are considering rolling out legislation once the government shutdown ends, and proponents seek a congressional vote on declaring Mamdani ineligible.

Supporting reports

• Rep. Ogles announced consideration of bill to remove Mamdani from office — Rep. Andy Ogles announced he was "looking into" filing a bill to remove Zohran Mamdani from office, claiming "The 14th Amendment may allow Congress the authority to BAN Mamdani from office."
• House Republicans explored using 14th Amendment to prevent Mamdani from taking office — House Republicans, including the NY Young Republican Club, explored using the Constitution's 14th Amendment "insurrection clause" to prevent Zohran Mamdani from being sworn in as NYC mayor if he wins the election. The group argues that Mamdani's statements calling to resist ICE could violate the prohibition on those who "engaged in insurrection or rebellion" or "given aid or comfort to the enemies." Republican lawmakers are considering rolling out legislation once the government shutdown ends, and proponents seek a congressional vote on declaring Mamdani ineligible.

Supporting reports

• Trump administration began planning military operations inside Mexico — NBC reported that the Trump administration has begun detailed planning for a new mission to send US troops and intelligence officers into Mexico to target drug cartels. Early-stage training for the potential mission, which would include ground operations inside Mexico, has already begun. Discussions about the scope of the mission are ongoing, and a final decision has not been made.
• Trump administration plans troop deployment to Mexico — NBC News reported that the Trump administration is planning a new mission to send US troops and intelligence officers to Mexico in an effort to target drug cartels.

Supporting reports

• US Supreme Court scheduled to hear arguments on Trump's tariff authority under IEEPA — The US Supreme Court is scheduled to hear oral arguments on whether President Trump's imposition of global tariffs is legally valid under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) of 1977. A dozen states have challenged Trump's claim that IEEPA authorizes him to levy tariffs on imports from all countries. The case centers on whether IEEPA permits tariffs—a form of taxation that the Constitution reserves to Congress—and whether Trump's invocation of national emergencies to justify tariffs constitutes an abuse of executive power that violates constitutional checks and balances.
• Oral arguments in Learning Solutions Inc v Trump and Trump v VOS Selections on tariff authority — The US Supreme Court heard consolidated oral arguments on 5 November in Learning Solutions Inc v Trump and Trump v VOS Selections, examining whether the president has authority to impose tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). The cases will determine the scope of presidential power to unilaterally impose trade restrictions and whether such authority is constitutionally constrained or subject to congressional oversight.
• US Supreme Court hears oral arguments on legality of Trump tariffs under IEEPA — The US Supreme Court heard oral arguments on Wednesday regarding the legal basis of Trump's sweeping tariff regime, which the administration justified under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). Multiple justices, including conservatives, expressed skepticism about whether IEEPA grants presidential authority to impose tariffs—a power the Constitution reserves to Congress. The court must rule by July 2026. Lower courts have already ruled against the tariffs, and 12 states plus businesses have sued to block them.
• Trump administration argues tariffs are not taxes before Supreme Court — On Wednesday, November 6, 2025, the Trump administration defended its tariff regime before the U.S. Supreme Court, arguing that tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) are "regulatory" rather than "revenue-raising" and therefore not subject to Congress's exclusive constitutional power to levy taxes. U.S. Solicitor General D. John Sauer contended that any revenue raised was "only incidental." Multiple justices, including liberal Justice Sonia Sotomayor and Chief Justice John Roberts, expressed skepticism of this argument, noting that tariffs function as taxes on Americans and that taxation is a core congressional power.
• Supreme Court hears arguments on constitutionality of Trump tariffs — On November 6, 2025, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments concerning the legality and constitutionality of President Trump's tariff war, which serves as the centerpiece of his economic policy. During arguments, the administration's lawyer admitted that American consumers pay between 30% and 80% of the tariffs, contradicting Trump's public claims that foreign countries bear the cost. Lower court justices appeared skeptical of Trump's authority to impose tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of 1977.

Supporting reports

• Trump demanded it be illegal to mock his speech — Trump posted on social media that it should be illegal for NBC's Seth Meyers to mock Trump's complaints about electric catapults on aircraft carriers. Trump called Meyers "the least talented person" and "the WORST to perform," and stated that Meyers' criticism was "probably illegal." Trump questioned why NBC continues to employ Meyers, characterizing his commentary as deranged.

Supporting reports

• Trump stated he could invoke the Insurrection Act without judicial review — During the 60 Minutes interview, Trump stated that if he needed to send the Army or Marines into cities, he would do so "in a heartbeat" using the Insurrection Act, claiming "no judge can even challenge you on that. If I wanted to I could."
• Trump claims he can invoke Insurrection Act without judicial review — During a 60 Minutes interview, Trump said he would send the Army or Marines into US cities "in a heartbeat" and claimed no judge could challenge his invocation of the Insurrection Act if he did so.

Supporting reports

• DOJ claimed War Powers Act does not apply to boat bombings — The Department of Justice informed Congress that the Trump administration does not have to comply with the War Powers Act regarding boat bombings in the Caribbean Sea and eastern Pacific because the targeted vessels have been unable to shoot back. The DOJ argued that the operation does not rise to the level of "hostilities" covered by the 60-day limit in the 1973 War Powers Resolution. According to the New York Times, at least 65 people have been killed in 14 airstrikes on boats in the Caribbean Sea and eastern Pacific so far. The DOJ characterized the operation as "precise strikes conducted largely by unmanned aerial vehicles launched from naval vessels in international waters at distances too far away for the crews of the targeted vessels to endanger American personnel."

Supporting reports

• Administration claims exemption from War Powers Act consultation requirement — The Trump administration is claiming it does not have to consult Congress regarding continued military strikes against Venezuela, contrary to the 1973 War Powers Resolution. The administration notified Congress on September 4, 2025, of a strike against a vessel in the Caribbean allegedly affiliated with a terrorist organization and engaged in drug trafficking. As of November 1, the 60-day deadline requiring Congressional approval approaches on Monday, but the administration has not sought approval and has been reluctant to share information about the strikes with Congress, excluding senior Senate Democrats from briefings and providing incomplete briefings to House members.
• Trump administration ignored War Powers Act deadline for Venezuela strikes — The Trump administration did not seek congressional approval by the November 4 deadline required under the 1973 War Powers Act for ongoing military strikes against Venezuela. The administration took the position that no approval was necessary because U.S. military personnel were not at risk in the strikes, which have killed 65 people so far. The administration's interpretation effectively exempts the strikes from War Powers Act requirements.

Supporting reports

• Pentagon investigates Senator Mark Kelly for video asserting military personnel can refuse illegal orders — In November 2025, Senator Mark Kelly (D-AZ), a retired Navy captain, appeared in a video with five other members of Congress stating "Our laws are clear. You can refuse illegal orders." Trump claimed the video constituted "seditious behavior" punishable by death. The Pentagon announced an investigation into Kelly for possible violation of military law. The DOJ also launched an investigation and sought to indict Kelly and the other members, but a grand jury unanimously rejected the indictment. A federal judge later ruled in Kelly's favor in his lawsuit against Secretary of War Pete Hegseth, finding the actions against Kelly constituted unconstitutional retaliation.

Supporting reports

• Federal courts blocked Trump's National Guard deployments in five cities — Federal courts have blocked or ruled against Trump's National Guard deployments in Washington, D.C., Portland, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Memphis. U.S. District Judge Jia Cobb ruled that Trump's deployment of thousands of Guard troops to patrol the capital "violates federal law" and is illegal. In Portland, Trump appointee Judge Karin Immergut found Trump "did not have a lawful basis" to federalize the Guard under the rebellion statute and rejected his portrayal of the city as "war ravaged." In Los Angeles, a federal court concluded the Guard's activities crossed into unlawful domestic law enforcement, violating the Posse Comitatus Act. In Chicago and Memphis, judges issued injunctions blocking Trump-aligned Guard deployments as unconstitutional or likely unlawful under federal and state law.

Supporting reports

• War Powers Resolution 60-day deadline for boat strikes passed without congressional approval — The Trump administration informed Congress of the boat strikes on September 4 to ensure Congress was "fully informed, consistent with the War Powers Resolution." However, the administration has since ignored the War Powers Resolution, which requires congressional approval for hostile actions to continue longer than 60 days. The 60-day deadline passed in early November 2025 without congressional approval for the continuation of strikes.
• Trump notifies Congress of military strike — On September 4, 2025, President Trump notified Congress of a military strike against a vessel in the Caribbean, claiming it was linked to a terrorist organization and involved in drug trafficking. This notification was part of his obligation under the War Powers Resolution, which requires the president to inform Congress of military actions.

Supporting reports

• Trump directs Defense Department to prepare for military action in Nigeria — On Truth Social, Trump directed the Defense Department to "prepare for possible action" in Nigeria to "completely wipe out the Islamic Terrorists" allegedly killing Christians, an accusation Nigeria denies. He also threatened to cut off all aid and assistance to Nigeria. The directive came less than an hour after Trump watched a Fox segment about Christian targeting by Islamic groups in the country.
• Trump threatened military invasion of Nigeria — Trump posted on Truth Social that if the Nigerian government continues to allow the killing of Christians, the United States will immediately stop all aid and assistance to Nigeria and "may very well go into that now disgraced country, 'guns-a-blazing,' to completely wipe out the Islamic Terrorists." Trump stated he is "hereby instructing our Dept of War to prepare for possible action" and warned that if the U.S. attacks, "it will be fast, vicious, and sweet." Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth responded with an X post stating that "The Dept of War is preparing for action" and that either the Nigerian government will protect Christians or "we will kill the Islamic Terrorists."

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• Illinois governor urges Trump administration to suspend ICE raids during Halloween weekend — Illinois Governor JB Pritzker sent a letter to Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem and ICE/CBP leadership requesting a suspension of immigration enforcement operations from Friday to Sunday to allow children to celebrate Halloween without fear. Pritzker cited reports that border patrol agents used tear gas during a Halloween parade in Chicago the previous weekend, injuring and arresting people including U.S. citizens. A federal appeals court simultaneously blocked a judge's order requiring daily briefings on immigration sweeps.
• Homeland Security Secretary Noem refuses to pause immigration enforcement over Halloween weekend — Illinois Governor JB Pritzker requested that Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem pause immigration enforcement activities over the Halloween weekend to protect children from fear and intimidation. Noem refused at a news conference, stating the department was "absolutely not willing to put on pause any work that we will do to keep communities safe." Pritzker subsequently criticized Noem's refusal on social media.

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• Trump posted that criticism of his trip constitutes treason. — Trump posted on Truth Social that Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer's characterization of Trump's China trip as "a total dud" was "almost treasonous," stating "If you hurt Trump's feelings it is now treason." The post equates political criticism with the constitutional crime of treason.
• Trump posted that Joe Biden should be locked up and called him a criminal. — Trump posted on Truth Social that former President Joe Biden "is a CRIMINAL AND SHOULD BE IN JAIL. A MAJOR LOWLIFE AND FAILURE. An ugly person, both inside and out!" and stated "I beat him badly." The post represents a continuation of Trump's rhetoric calling for criminal prosecution of a political opponent.

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• Pentagon ordered National Guard to establish "quick reaction" forces in every state and territory by January. — The Pentagon issued orders to the National Guard to create specialized "quick reaction" forces in every state and territory by January, trained and equipped to respond to riots and civil unrest within the United States. Trump had directed Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth in August to establish these units. Memos were sent to state Guard organizations.

Supporting reports

• Trump announces federalization of National Guard and deployment to Democratic-led cities — During a speech in Japan on October 29, President Trump announced he is federalizing National Guard troops and deploying them into Democratic-led cities, stating the purpose is to "have safe cities." Trump also repeated false claims that the 2020 presidential election was rigged. When pressed by reporters, Trump referenced the Insurrection Act, claiming that if invoked, it would allow him to deploy military forces without court involvement, though the Act legally applies only during actual insurrection or rebellion.
• Trump said he would deploy Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines to US cities — Speaking to reporters aboard Air Force One, Trump said he would be willing to deploy other branches of the military into US cities, including the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines. Without naming the Insurrection Act, Trump said, "If I want to enact a certain act, I'm allowed to do it," adding that "I'd be allowed to do whatever I want" and claiming that "the courts wouldn't get involved."
• Trump stated he could deploy any military branch into American cities without court involvement. — When asked about his prior statement regarding sending "more than the National Guard" into American cities, Trump stated he was "allowed to do that" and could deploy the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines as he wished. Trump asserted that "the courts wouldn't get involved. Nobody would get involved" and that "I could send anybody I wanted."

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• Tennessee Secretary of State orders public libraries to remove LGBTQ-themed children's books — Tennessee Secretary of State Tre Hargett (R) sent two letters to 181 public libraries in the Tennessee Regional Library System demanding they review and remove children's books with LGBTQ themes or characters, citing compliance with state DEI law and Trump's executive order on "gender ideology." Hargett claimed libraries receiving state and federal grants must comply with these directives. At least one county closed multiple library branches for up to a week to conduct the purge. Legal experts note the removals likely violate First Amendment protections established in Island Tree School District v. Pico and Equal Protection guarantees.